In the analogue addressable fire detection and alarm systems, the decision-making processes performed by the panel are carried out directly on the detector in the distributed intelligence systems. The fire condition is decided using fire algorithms obtained as a result of previous fire tests and recorded in a microprocessor located inside the detectors. Thus, the detector decides itself whether the perceived changes correspond to the changes in a fire condition. In this solution, which is a "distributed intelligence" application as both software and hardware, both the data processing intensity per detector increases greatly and the detector can enter an alarm state without having to communicate with the fire control panel.
Since the decision-making is performed in the detector in addressable systems with distributed intelligence, the detector, which switches to alarm status, can immediately transfer the situation to the control panel. This can reduce the rate of alarm on the control panel to less than 0.75 seconds, even in very large systems. This high communication speed also allows many more alarm/status verification operations to be carried out within the decision-making periods of the control panel set by the standards. This offers a more quick, more accurate, more reliable, more flexible system level than the analogue systems.
In the analogue addressable systems, if the communication with the detector control panel is interrupted, it becomes completely dysfunctional. If a distributed intelligent detector is present, it can switch into alarm status even if it cannot communicate with the panel, and activate the alarm sirens and relays depending on the cycle it is in.
In the distributed intelligent addressable detectors, it is possible to make both very stable and very fast decisions by monitoring two or more sensors placed in the same detector together and processing the interactions of all different perceptions with each other with algorithms in the memory.
In the distributed intelligent addressable systems, shielded cables are not required, and the system can function with almost any type of cable. With these features, the distributed intelligent addressable systems make it possible to carry out retrofit projects using the existing cable infrastructures of obsolete conventional, digital addressable or analogue addressable systems.
In the distributed intelligent addressable systems, the detector has a built-in and different identity by means of the microprocessor inside each detector and the addressing is made automatically by the control panel. With these features, a distributed intelligent addressable system provides convenience in commissioning, maintenance and service work.
In the distributed intelligent addressable systems, advances in technology can be implemented independently on both sides, as the operating characteristics of the detectors and the control panel are not interdependent. For example, if more advanced fire algorithms are created, they can be immediately reflected in the detectors, and even old detectors can be updated. Likewise, faster information processing, programming, etc. improvements can be made on the control panels without being affected by the detectors.
Fire Detection and Alarm Systems from Past to Today »
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